請為您的寶寶買一份安全

by Mark Wu
童言童語, ,

以下為媽媽寶寶雜誌第251期的報導，行車安全5Point

Point 1 嬰幼兒頸椎脆弱，無法承受外來撞擊力

嬰兒的頸椎是身體各部位中最脆弱的一環，從新生兒時期至3歲以前，人類的頸椎尚由軟骨構成，支撐力不足以承受外來的撞擊力。靖娟兒童安全文教基金會執行長林月琴表示，即便只是駕駛者輕踩煞車，都可能造成小嬰兒從座位上摔落而受傷。此外，根據研究顯示，小嬰兒如果突然從30公分的高度摔落地面，就足以構成致命的危險，可能導致頸椎扭斷而死亡。

Point 2 懷抱手裡的做法最不安全

執行長林月琴表示，常見到許多家長都有「只要將孩子牢牢的抱在懷裡，就是最安全的做法」的觀念，殊不知，車輛遭受撞擊時所產生的撞擊力是會隨著車速而增加。舉例說，在時速50km/hr時所產生的撞擊力，是大人懷抱裡孩子體重的30倍，如果孩子的體重是10公斤，遭受撞擊時，就會產生300公斤的撞擊力；此外，當意外發生時，人體會自然產生因為驚嚇而鬆開雙手的反射動作，因此，一旦發生意外時，沒有扣上安全帶或使用安全汽座的孩子，就會在瞬間變成了「空中飛人」，後果不堪設想！

Point 3 及早培養孩子安全的乘車觀念

除了安全性的考量之外，執行長林月琴表示，從嬰兒期開始就讓孩子習慣使用汽車安全座椅，孩子的抗拒性會比較低，比較不會排斥，在長途旅行時，孩子也能夠在汽座上舒服的睡著。她特別強調，0～3歲是孩子腦部發育的關鍵期，腦部損傷會對孩子的未來產生極大的影響，而意外的發生無可預測，提醒家長千萬不要輕忽孩子的行車安全。

Point 4 嬰兒期應使用後向式懷抱型汽座

新手爸媽可以依照寶寶的成長階段及品牌，作為挑選汽座的依據。執行長林月琴表示，當寶寶還無法獨自坐穩時，建議挑選背向駕駛座的「後向式懷抱型汽座」或搖籃式汽座，讓寶寶以半仰躺的姿勢乘坐，能夠有效的減少行車間對寶寶頸部帶來的震動傷害；一歲以後因為寶寶已經可以坐得比較穩了，則可以使用前向式的汽座。

Point 5 汽座選購與安裝指南

1.依照寶寶的體型、年齡，選擇適合的汽座。2.按照產品操作說明書，正確使用。3.讓孩子入座前，務必確保汽座已經安裝牢靠，可以用手大力搖一搖確認是否穩固。4.每次使用時，都必須將汽座以安全帶繫好，而不是單純的「放在」汽車後座而已。5.孩子坐好後，務必扣好安全帶，確認安全帶是平整不扭曲的，才能讓汽座在危急時刻，發揮應有的功能。

根據美國研究顯示，造成兒童車禍死亡的原因，有高達61%是因為沒有使用汽車安全座椅，特別是嬰幼兒的頸椎脆弱，就算駕駛者只是輕輕的踩一踩煞車，都可能 對孩子的生命與健康造成無可挽回的傷害。因此，讓孩子安全上路的第一步，就是從嬰兒期開始，為孩子準備專屬的汽車安全座椅。

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