以下為媽媽寶寶雜誌第251期的報導,行車安全5Point
Point 1 嬰幼兒頸椎脆弱,無法承受外來撞擊力
嬰兒的頸椎是身體各部位中最脆弱的一環,從新生兒時期至3歲以前,人類的頸椎尚由軟骨構成,支撐力不足以承受外來的撞擊力。靖娟兒童安全文教基金會執行長林月琴表示,即便只是駕駛者輕踩煞車,都可能造成小嬰兒從座位上摔落而受傷。此外,根據研究顯示,小嬰兒如果突然從30公分的高度摔落地面,就足以構成致命的危險,可能導致頸椎扭斷而死亡。
Point 2 懷抱手裡的做法最不安全
執行長林月琴表示,常見到許多家長都有「只要將孩子牢牢的抱在懷裡,就是最安全的做法」的觀念,殊不知,車輛遭受撞擊時所產生的撞擊力是會隨著車速而增加。舉例說,在時速50km/hr時所產生的撞擊力,是大人懷抱裡孩子體重的30倍,如果孩子的體重是10公斤,遭受撞擊時,就會產生300公斤的撞擊力;此外,當意外發生時,人體會自然產生因為驚嚇而鬆開雙手的反射動作,因此,一旦發生意外時,沒有扣上安全帶或使用安全汽座的孩子,就會在瞬間變成了「空中飛人」,後果不堪設想!
Point 3 及早培養孩子安全的乘車觀念
除了安全性的考量之外,執行長林月琴表示,從嬰兒期開始就讓孩子習慣使用汽車安全座椅,孩子的抗拒性會比較低,比較不會排斥,在長途旅行時,孩子也能夠在汽座上舒服的睡著。她特別強調,0~3歲是孩子腦部發育的關鍵期,腦部損傷會對孩子的未來產生極大的影響,而意外的發生無可預測,提醒家長千萬不要輕忽孩子的行車安全。
Point 4 嬰兒期應使用後向式懷抱型汽座
新手爸媽可以依照寶寶的成長階段及品牌,作為挑選汽座的依據。執行長林月琴表示,當寶寶還無法獨自坐穩時,建議挑選背向駕駛座的「後向式懷抱型汽座」或搖籃式汽座,讓寶寶以半仰躺的姿勢乘坐,能夠有效的減少行車間對寶寶頸部帶來的震動傷害;一歲以後因為寶寶已經可以坐得比較穩了,則可以使用前向式的汽座。
Point 5 汽座選購與安裝指南
1.依照寶寶的體型、年齡,選擇適合的汽座。2.按照產品操作說明書,正確使用。3.讓孩子入座前,務必確保汽座已經安裝牢靠,可以用手大力搖一搖確認是否穩固。4.每次使用時,都必須將汽座以安全帶繫好,而不是單純的「放在」汽車後座而已。5.孩子坐好後,務必扣好安全帶,確認安全帶是平整不扭曲的,才能讓汽座在危急時刻,發揮應有的功能。
根據美國研究顯示,造成兒童車禍死亡的原因,有高達61%是因為沒有使用汽車安全座椅,特別是嬰幼兒的頸椎脆弱,就算駕駛者只是輕輕的踩一踩煞車,都可能 對孩子的生命與健康造成無可挽回的傷害。因此,讓孩子安全上路的第一步,就是從嬰兒期開始,為孩子準備專屬的汽車安全座椅。
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